Tarihin ci gaba na samfuran marufi nunin takarda

A matsayin nunin kayayyaki da samfuran tallace-tallace da babu makawa a cikin al'ummar yau, samfuran nunin takarda suna da dogon tarihi.A yau, zan gabatar da tarihin ci gaba na samfurori na nunin takarda.

A gaskiya ma, mutane sun ƙirƙira takarda tsawon shekaru 2,000.Bugu da ƙari, kasancewa mai mahimmanci mai ɗaukar hoto don watsa bayanai, takarda kuma tana da babban aiki, wato, marufi.

Fakitin samfurin takarda samfuri ne na kayan marufi tare da takarda da ɓangaren litattafan almara a matsayin babban ɗanyen abu.Kewayon samfurin ya haɗa da kwantena na takarda kamar kwali, kwali, jakunkuna na takarda, bututun takarda, da gwangwani na takarda;ɓangaren litattafan almara gyare-gyaren kwai, layukan marufi na masana'antu, tiren takarda, Masu kare kusurwar takarda da sauran kayan kwantar da takarda ko kayan marufi na ciki: kwali, kwali na zuma da sauran alluna;da akwatunan abincin rana na takarda, kofuna na takarda, faranti na takarda da sauran kayan tebur na takarda.Kamar yadda ainihin albarkatun samfuran takarda, takarda da kwali da aka yi amfani da su musamman don marufi suma suna cikin nau'in marufi na takarda.

An fara yin takarda a daular Han ta Yamma, a cewar “Hanshu."Biography of Empress Zhao na Xiaocheng" ya rubuta cewa "akwai wani magani da aka nannade cikin kwandon da wani littafi da He kofato ya rubuta".Bayanin Ying Shao ya ce: "Shi ma kofato sirara ne kuma ƙananan takarda".Wannan shine farkon rubuce-rubuce na takarda a Daular Han ta Yamma.Tun da takarda a Daular Han ta Yamma ta yi yawa kuma tana da tsada da za a iya amfani da ita sosai a wancan lokacin, har yanzu bamboo na siliki su ne manyan kayan aikin rubutu a wancan lokacin, don haka a fili yake cewa takarda a wancan lokacin ba za a iya amfani da ita da yawa ba kamar yadda ya kamata. kayan marufi.Sai a shekarar farko ta Yuanxing a daular Han ta Gabas (AD 105) Shangfang ya umarci Cai Lun da ya kirkiro "takardar Caihou" mai arha bisa takaita kwarewar magabata, da takarda a matsayin wani sabon ci gaba na tattara kaya. zuwa mataki na tarihi.Bayan haka, bayan bayyanar bugu na katako a cikin daular Tang, an ƙara haɓaka takarda a matsayin marufi, kuma an fara buga tallace-tallace masu sauƙi, alamu da alamomi akan takarda na kayayyaki.Mafi yawan kwali a cikin al'ummar zamani sun bayyana a farkon karni na 19.Amurka da Birtaniya da Faransa da sauran kasashe sun fara inganta fasahar kera kwali.Sai a kusan shekara ta 1850 ne wani a Amurka ya ƙirƙira kwalayen nadawa da fasahar kera., wanda da gaske ya sa takarda ta zama muhimmin kayan albarkatun kasa don masana'antar marufi.

Tare da ci gaban zamani da al'umma, buƙatar takarda a matsayin kayan tattarawa yana karuwa.Dangane da kididdigar fitar da masana'antar takarda ta duniya a shekara ta 2000, takarda marufi da kwali sun kai kashi 57.2% na jimlar kayayyakin takarda.Bisa kididdigar da kungiyar Paper Association ta kasar Sin ta fitar, a shekarar 2000, 2001 da 2002, yawan amfani da takarda da kwali a kasarmu ya kai kashi 56.9%, da kashi 57.6% da kuma kashi 56 cikin 100 na kayayyakin da aka sayar da takarda bi da bi, wanda ya yi kama da na gama-gari. Trend na duniya.Bayanan da ke sama sun nuna cewa kusan kashi 60 cikin 100 na duk wata takarda da ake samarwa a duniya ana amfani da su azaman marufi.Sabili da haka, mafi girman amfani da takarda ba shine mai ɗaukar bayanai a cikin ma'anar gargajiya ba, amma azaman kayan tattarawa.

Takardun kayan aikin takarda shine ɗayan mahimman kayan marufi, ana amfani dashi ko'ina a cikin marufi na abinci, magani, masana'antar sinadarai, kayan gini, kayan gida, kayan wasan yara, electromechanical, samfuran IT, yadi, tukwane, kayan aikin hannu, talla, masana'antar soja da yawa. sauran kayayyakin.mamaye matsayi mai mahimmanci a cikin

A cikin karni na 21st, takarda ya zama abu mafi mahimmanci a cikin masana'antun marufi.Daga cikin nau'ikan marufi daban-daban da ake amfani da su a duniya, takarda da allunan takarda sun ɗauki mafi girman rabo, suna lissafin 35.6% na jimlar ƙimar fitarwa.A cikin ƙasata, a matsayin muhimmin albarkatun ƙasa don masana'antar marufi, kafin 1995, kayan tattara kayan aikin takarda sune na biyu mafi girma na marufi bayan fakitin filastik.Tun daga 1995, ƙimar da ake fitarwa na marufi na takarda ya ƙaru a hankali, ya zarce filastik, kuma ya zama mafi girma kayan tattarawa a cikin ƙasata.A shekara ta 2004, yawan amfani da takarda a cikin ƙasata ya kai tan miliyan 13.2, wanda ya kai kashi 50.6% na jimlar abin da aka fitar, wanda ya zarce jimlar gilashin, ƙarfe da kayan marufi.

Dalilin da ya sa kayan marufi na takarda na gargajiya sun sake samun saurin ci gaba cikin sauri a cikin ƴan shekaru kuma sun zama mafi girman kayan tattarawa wani ɓangare ne saboda ingantaccen daidaitawar samfuran marufi na takarda da kansu, kuma mafi mahimmanci, batutuwan kare muhalli.Saboda ƙuntatawa na samfurori na filastik da kuma jawo kasuwar masu amfani don samfurori masu dacewa da muhalli, kayan takarda sune kayan da suka fi dacewa da bukatun "marufi na kore".